GATED(8)

NAME
gated - gateway routing daemon

SYNOPSIS
gated [ -c ] [ -C ] [ -n ] [ -N ] [ -t trace_options ] [
-f config_file ] [ trace_file ]

DESCRIPTION
GateD is a routing daemon that handles multiple routing
protocols and replaces routed (8) and egpup (8). GateD
currently handles the RIP, BGP, EGP, HELLO, and OSPF rout-
ing protocols. The gated process can be configured to per-
form all routing protocols or any subset of them.

The command-line options are:

-c Specifies that the configuration file will be
parsed for syntax errors and then gated will exit,
if there were no errors, gated will leave a dump
file in /usr/tmp/gated_dump. Gated does not need to
be run as the super user to use the -c option but
it may not be possible to read the kernel forward-
ing table and interface configuration if not run as
super user. The -c option implies -tgeneral. All
traceoption clauses in the configuration file will
be ignored.

-C Specifies that the configuration file will just be
parsed for syntax errors. gated will exit with a
status 1 if there were any errors and 0 if there
were not. Gated does not need to be run as the
super user to use the -C option but it may not be
possible to read the kernel forwarding table and
interface configuration if not run as super user.

-n Specifies that gated will not modify the kernel
forwarding table. This is used for testing gated
configurations with actual routing data.

-N Specifies that gated will not daemonize. Normally,
if tracing to stderr is not specified gated will
daemonize if the parent process ID is not 1. This
allows the use of an /etc/inittab-like method of
invoking gated that does not have a PID of 1.

-t trace_options
Specifies a comma separated list of trace options
to be enabled on startup. If no flags are speci-
fied, general is assumed. No space is allowed
between this option and it's arguments.
This option must be used to trace events that take
place before the config file is parsed, such as
determining the interface configuration and reading
routes from the kernel.
See the GateD Configuration Guide for valid trace
options and a more detailed explaination of trac-
ing.

-f config_file
Use an alternate config file. By default, gated
uses /etc/gated.conf.
If a trace file is specified on the command line,
or no trace flags are specified on the command
line, gated detaches from the terminal and runs in
the background. If trace flags are specified with-
out specifying a trace file, gated assumes that
tracing is desired to stderr and remains in the
foreground.

SIGNAL PROCESSING
The following signals may be used to control gated:

SIGHUP Re-read configuration.
A SIGHUP causes gated to reread the configura-
tion file. Gated first performs a clean-up of
all allocated policy structures. All BGP and EGP
peers are flagged for deletion and the configu-
ration file is re-parsed.
If the re-parse is successful, any BGP and EGP
peers that are no longer in the configuration
are shut down, and new peers are started. Gated
attempts to determine if changes to existing
peers require a shutdown and restart. OSPF is
not capable of reconfiguring, it is shutdown and
restarted during a reconfiguration. This may
have an adverse impact on the routing system.
It should also be possible to enable/disable any
protocol without restarting gated.

SIGINT Snap-shot of current state.
The current state of all gated tasks, timers,
protocols and tables are written to
/usr/tmp/gated_dump.
On systems supporting fork(), this is done by
forking a subprocess to dump the table informa-
tion so as not to impact gated's routing func-
tions. On systems where memory management does
not support copy-on-write, fork() will cause the
gated address space to be duplicated; this may
be cause a noticeable impact on the system. On
system not supporting fork(), the main process
immediately processes the dump, which may impact
gated's routing functions.

SIGTERM Graceful shutdown.
On receipt of a SIGTERM, gated attempts a grace-
ful shutdown. All tasks and protocols are asked
to shutdown. Most will terminate immediately,
the exception being EGP peers which wait for
confirmation. It may be necessary to repeat the
SIGTERM once or twice if it this process takes
too long.
All protocol routes are removed from the kernel
forwarding table on receipt of a SIGTERM. Inter-
face routes, routes with RTF_STATIC set (from
the route command where supported) and static
routes specifying retain will remain. To termi-
nate gated with the exterior routes intact, use
SIGKILL.

SIGUSR1 Toggle tracing.
On receipt of a SIGUSR1, gated will close the
trace file. A subsequent SIGUSR1 will cause it
to be reopened. This will allow the file to be
moved regularly.
It is not possible to use SIGUSR1 if a trace
file has not been specified, or tracing is being
performed to stderr.

SIGUSR2 Check for interface changes.
On receipt of a SIGUSR2, gated will rescan the
kernel interface list looking for changes.

FILES
Many of default filenames listed below contain the string
%s, which is replaced by the name with which gated is
invoked. Normally this is gated, but if invoked as gated-
test, gated will by default look for /etc/gated-test.conf.
These paths may all be changed at compilation time.

/usr/tmp/gated_dump
Where gated writes status information. The
default is /usr/tmp/%s_dump. Another common path
is /var/tmp/%s_dump.

/etc/gated.conf
Where gated looks for it's configuration file.
The default is /etc/%s.conf.

/etc/gated.pid
Where gated writes it's process id (PID). The
defalt is /etc/%s.pid, but /var/run/%s.pid is
common.

AUTHORS
Mark Fedor <A HREF="MAILTO:lt;fedor@psi.com">lt;fedor@psi.com</A>
Jeffrey C Honig <A HREF="MAILTO:lt;jch@gated.cornell.edu">lt;jch@gated.cornell.edu</A>
Rob Coltun <A HREF="MAILTO:lt;rcoltun@ni.umd.edu">lt;rcoltun@ni.umd.edu</A>
Dennis Ferguson <A HREF="MAILTO:lt;dennis@ans.net">lt;dennis@ans.net</A>

SEE ALSO
arp(8) gdc(8) fork(2) ifconfig(8) netstat(8)
ospf_monitor(8) ripquery(8) routed(8) route(8)
GateD Documentation
GateD Configuration Guide

License to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software
and its documentation can be obtained from Merit at the
University of Michigan.

This package and associated documentation is Copyright (c)
1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995 Cornell University., all
rights reserved. This software contains code that is
Copyright (c) 1988 Regents of the University of

California., all rights reserved.; This package contains
code that is Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, 1991 The University
of Maryland, College Park, Maryland., all rights reserved.
This package contains code that is Copyright 1991 D.L.S.
Associates., all rights reserved.

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